Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiya (Hamas)
Nahiyar Near East – Yammacin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya
An kafa Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiya (Hamas) a 1987 a farkon tarzomar Falasɗinawa ta farko, ko kuma First Intifada a Turance, a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar ‘Yan Uwa Musulmi wato Muslim Brotherhood. Hamas na ɓangaren soja da ake kira Ɓataliyar Izz al-Din al-Qassam wanda ya kai hare-hare da dama kan Isr’aila a Isra’ilar da kuma Falasɗinu tun daga shekarun 1990. Waɗannan hare-hare sun ƙunshi manya da suka kai kan ‘yan Isra’ila fararen hula, da ƙanana, da abubuwan fashewa, da kuma hare-haren roka. Hamas ta ɗauki alhakin kai harin bam na watan Agustan 2001 kan Sbarro a birnin Ƙudus da ya kashe mutum 15, cikinsu akwai Amurkawa biyu, kuma ya raunata fiye da 120. A watan Afrilun 2016, wani mamba a Hamas ya kai harin ƙunar-baƙin-wake kan wata motar bas a birnin Ƙudus da ya kashe mutum 20.
A ranar 8 ga watan Oktoban 1997, Ma’aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta ayyana Hamas a matsayin Ƙungiyar Ta’addanci ta Ƙasar Waje ƙarƙashin sashe na 219 na Dokar Ƙaura da Zama Ɗan Ƙasa, wadda aka yi wa kwaskwarima. Bayan haka, a ranar 31ga watan Oktoba na 2001 Ma’aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta ayyana Hamas matsayin Ƙungiyar Ta’addanci ta Duniya bisa Umarnin Shugaban Ƙasa na Executive Order 13224, wanda aka yi wa kwaskwarima. Sakamakon haka, an hana Hamas taɓa dukkan dukiyar da ta mallaka ko kadarori da ke ƙarƙashin ikon Amurka, sannan an haramta wa Amurkawa yin duk wata hulɗar kasuwanci da Hamas. Laifi ne mutum ya samar ko ya yi yunƙurin samarwa ko ya taimaka a samar wa Hamas kayan aiki da gangan.
